Relationship between knowledge of HIV transmission mechanism and risk perception, Guayaquil, Ecuador

Abstract

Objective: Determine the effects of knowledge of HIV transmission on risk perception. Materials and methods: Using a survey of 1,400 individuals in Guayaquil, Ecuador, information was collected on socioeconomic variables and behavior and knowledge related to HIV/AIDS. The results were analyzed in two phases. First, an ordered logical regression model was estimated, between a knowledge index of correct HIV transmission mechanisms and an index of incorrect mechanisms. Second, an ordered logical regression model was estimated between risk perception and prediction of the level of correct knowledge, determined in the first regression, and sexual behavior variables. Results: A positive link was identified between correct knowledge and false beliefs. (OR= 1.71, CI 95%=1.35-2.43). The interaction between knowledge and the number of sexual partners increased risk perception. (OR=2.8,CI 95% 1.44- 5.39). Discussion: The operational mechanism between knowledge and risk perception is through the joint effect of sexual behavior and recognition that this is a potential mechanism of HIV transmission. Given that the effectiveness of interventions depends on this relationship, studies of this nature are important in providing this type of information.